1. Apart frm measuring end tidal CO2 conc., capnograph can also measure
a. CO2 saturation
b. PO2
c. reduced Hb
d. oxyHb
2. PTH
a. inc PO4 abs from renal tubules
b. inc Ca resorption from bones
c. CRF
d. Anemia
3. Lidocaine. MOA?
a. dec abnormal tissue conduction and no effect on normal tissue
b. inc PR interval
c. dec atrial contraction
d. dec AV conduction
e. inc QRS
f. inc QT
4. Esophagus histology
a. covered by squamous ep
b. has str. sq in upper 1/3
c. has str. sq. in lower 1/3
d. has 3 layers of muscles
e. esophageal opening acting as anatomical sphincter
5. Thich filaments:
a. actin
b. myocin
c. tropomyocin
d. actin and myocin
e. troponin
6. Most important buffer is interstitial fluid
a. Hb
b. H2CO3
c. H2PO4
d. Proteins
7. Regarding Nitroglycerine, all are true except
a. extensive 1st pass effect
b. venodilator
c. dec venous return
d. dec HR
e. t1/2 is 3-5 min
8. Thirst is dec by:
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. Ag II
d. baroreceptor efferent
e. inc Hematocrit
9. Bile from liver is different from that from GB in:
a. has more HCO3-
b. has more mucous and pigments
c. has more anions
10. Mediators of inflammation
a. C3a
b. C5a
c. IL1
d. TNF alpha
11. Anesthetics differ from anelgesics in:
a. only alter A delta and C fibers
b. Anesthetics effect at cerebral level and analgesics at spinal cord level
c. affects only pain and temp and no other sensory modalities
